{"id":57939,"date":"2018-03-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-03-01T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/richardvanhooijdonk.com\/blog\/chinas-social-credit-score-and-big-brother-2-0-the-trustworthy-get-perks-the-discredited-get-punished\/"},"modified":"2024-12-19T22:14:57","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T20:14:57","slug":"chinas-social-credit-score-and-big-brother-2-0-the-trustworthy-get-perks-the-discredited-get-punished","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/en\/chinas-social-credit-score-and-big-brother-2-0-the-trustworthy-get-perks-the-discredited-get-punished\/","title":{"rendered":"China\u2019s social credit score and Big Brother 2.0: the trustworthy get perks, the discredited get punished"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul class=\"bold-list\">\n<li>It all began with Alipay, a mobile payment system that collects massive data<\/li>\n<li>Then came Sesame Credit, an \u2018open sesame\u2019 that unlocks your data and reveals your life<\/li>\n<li>Now, the Chinese government wants to expand \u2018social credit\u2019, creating an Orwellian nightmare<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you live in the US, Canada, or the UK, you\u2019re probably familiar with credit scoring agencies like Equifax and Experian. Essentially, these agencies track your financial behaviour, assess your debt repayment, and judge your future credit-worthiness. The higher your score, the better your credit with everyone from banks to car dealers. This impacts whether you can get a loan for a house or car or increase the credit limit on your Visa, and it affects the interest rates you\u2019re offered on loans.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"China\u2019s social credit score and Big Brother 2.0: the trustworthy get perks\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TH8U_pN_XOA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>But in the age of big data and soft authoritarianism, that\u2019s not enough for China. As an outgrowth of \u2018social credit\u2019 tracking by the Ant Financial Services Group (AFSG), the Chinese government wants to gather behavioural data about its nearly 1.4 billion citizens, rewarding or punishing them for what they do (or don\u2019t do). You\u2019d be right to think this sounds like a recent <em>Black Mirror<\/em> episode, \u201cNosedive\u201d, and the implications of this proposal are frightening.<\/p>\n<h2>It all began with Alipay, a mobile payment system that collects massive data<\/h2>\n<p>This social experiment began in the private sector. Alipay, owned by AFSG and positioned as a subsidiary of the Chinese titan Alibaba, offers its users a convenient mobile phone payment system. Accepted in a number of countries, Alipay allows people to pay bills, buy groceries, shop for clothes, and buy meals with a simple swipe. Its users can also hail an Uber or book an apartment with Airbnb. Behind this ease is an entire digital network devoted to data gathering. As Mara Hvistendahl <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/age-of-social-credit\/\">writes<\/a> for <em>Wired<\/em>, \u201cIt was as if Amazon had swallowed eBay, Apple News, Groupon, American Express, Citibank, and YouTube \u2014 and could siphon up data from all of them.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32437\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32437\" style=\"width: 801px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-32437 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/05\/Alipay.jpg\" alt=\"A girl holding her smartphone and using Alipay in a store while a female cashier is scanning her smartphone and smiling\" width=\"801\" height=\"531\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32437\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Accepted in a number of countries, Alipay allows people to pay bills, buy groceries, shop for clothes, and buy meals with a simple swipe.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As part of its service, Alipay offers its users Zhima Credit, or Sesame Credit, a bit of Chinese-language wordplay that connects Zhima, or \u2018sesame\u2019, to its parent company Alibaba and the \u2018open sesame!\u2019 of \u201cAli Baba and the 40 Thieves\u201d. By opting in to this service, users join a social credit network that includes the kinds of data that Experian and Equifax use, but that also goes much, much deeper into their lives. It\u2019s the magic that gives \u2018soft authoritarianism\u2019 a digital edge.<\/p>\n<h2>Then came Sesame Credit, an \u2018open sesame\u2019 that unlocks your data and reveals your life<\/h2>\n<p>Sesame Credit cares about a lot more than your debt repayment. To arrive at your personal score, ranging between 350 and 950, it also analyses your purchases, your education, and your friends\u2019 and associates\u2019 scores. The higher your score, the better the perks. Conversely, a low score can lock your ability to travel, limit your hotel options, and force pricey down-payments for basic services. It\u2019s good to be good &#8211; right?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32440\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32440\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-32440 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/05\/China-big-data-1.jpg\" alt=\"Close-up of a smartphone with the Sesame Credit mobile app featured on its display\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32440\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sesame Credit cares about a lot more than your debt repayment.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But critics note that the algorithm is the classic black box; precisely what metrics it uses to judge your social value aren\u2019t clear. What\u2019s painfully obvious, though, is that Sesame Credit is a wide-ranging tool for social engineering. For instance, hang out with too many people with bad social credit, and your credit suffers, too. That\u2019s already changing social patterns. And that power to softly but firmly induce change has attracted China\u2019s increasingly authoritarian government to give social credit a try.<\/p>\n<p>The video below explains how Sesame Credit works:<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Propaganda Games: Sesame Credit - The True Danger of Gamification - Extra Credits\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lHcTKWiZ8sI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Now, the Chinese government wants to expand social credit, creating an Orwellian nightmare<\/h2>\n<p>As Hvistendahl <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/age-of-social-credit\/\">reports<\/a>, \u201cIn 2014, the State Council, China\u2019s governing cabinet, publicly called for the establishment of a nationwide tracking system to rate the reputations of individuals, businesses, and even government officials. The aim is for every Chinese citizen to be trailed by a file compiling data from public and private sources by 2020, and for those files to be searchable by fingerprints and other biometric characteristics. The State Council calls it a \u2018credit system that covers the whole society\u2019.\u201d The plan, it seems, is to leverage the power of something like Alipay &#8211; perhaps even Alipay itself &#8211; to track the behaviour of the Chinese public, punishing and rewarding each citizen for his or her actions. Do what the government likes and watch your social credit skyrocket. Dissent, disagree, or spread rumours on social media, and see nearly immediate consequences for your freedom.<\/p>\n<p>That may sound like hyperbola, but it\u2019s not. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.nl\/china-social-credit-score-like-black-mirror-2016-10\/?international=true&amp;r=US\">According<\/a> to official documents recovered by <em>Business Insider Nederland<\/em>, among other things, those with low social credit \u201cwon\u2019t be considered for public office. You\u2019ll lose access to social security and welfare. You\u2019ll be frisked more thoroughly when passing through Chinese customs. You\u2019ll be excluded from senior level positions in the food and drug sector. You won\u2019t get a bed in overnight trains. You\u2019ll be shut out of higher-starred hotels and restaurants and rejected by travel agents. Your children won\u2019t be allowed into more expensive private schools.\u201d The idea is a sweeping form of social control. As Rachel Botsman <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wired.co.uk\/article\/chinese-government-social-credit-score-privacy-invasion\">reveals<\/a> for <em>Wired UK<\/em>, official Chinese government documents proclaim that \u201cthe social credit system will \u2018allow the trustworthy to roam everywhere under heaven while making it hard for the discredited to take a single step\u2019\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>If that sounds like something from an Orwellian nightmare, that\u2019s because it is. Samantha Hoffman, a social credit researcher with the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, is just one of many <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/age-of-social-credit\/\">critics<\/a> to label this system Orwellian, a term of opprobrium borrowed from the name of the author of the chilling classic <em>1984<\/em>. With mobile-generated big data to keep track of each citizen, misbehaviour will have real consequences. Society will become a prison, an expansive jail without walls that separates the trustworthy from the discredited, sorting citizens into two groups: those of whom the government approves, and those whom it will correct through daily punishment.<\/p>\n<p>Is this the <a href=\"https:\/\/richardvanhooijdonk.com\/keynote\/trends-2040-ben-jij-er-klaar-voor\/\">future of Chinese society<\/a>? We hope not, and we\u2019ll be watching with the world to see how this plan unfolds.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It all began with Alipay, a mobile payment system that collects massive data Then came Sesame Credit, an \u2018open sesame\u2019 that unlocks your data and reveals your life Now, the Chinese government wants to expand \u2018social credit\u2019, creating an Orwellian nightmare If you live in the US, Canada, or the UK, you\u2019re probably familiar with [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45454,"parent":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2871],"tags":[4387,4218,4388],"article-type":[],"trends":[5472],"class_list":["post-57939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-government","tag-big-brother","tag-future","tag-social","trends-big-data-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>China\u2019s social credit score and Big Brother 2.0: the trustworthy get perks, the discredited get punished - Richard van Hooijdonk Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"China\u2019s social credit rating: the trustworthy get perks, while the discredited get punished. 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