{"id":57956,"date":"2018-04-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-04-09T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/richardvanhooijdonk.com\/blog\/a-team-from-mit-can-read-the-words-you-think-and-turn-them-into-speech\/"},"modified":"2021-07-22T10:36:27","modified_gmt":"2021-07-22T08:36:27","slug":"a-team-from-mit-can-read-the-words-you-think-and-turn-them-into-speech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/en\/a-team-from-mit-can-read-the-words-you-think-and-turn-them-into-speech\/","title":{"rendered":"A team from MIT can read the words you think and turn them into speech"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul class=\"bold-list\">\n<li>A team at MIT is using subvocalisation to allow subjects to speak with their thoughts<\/li>\n<li>Idle curiosity and some serious concerns got them thinking about whether this was possible<\/li>\n<li>Kapur\u2019s team delivers a non-invasive wearable that can read your mind (through your jaw)<\/li>\n<li>The possibilities for this tech are super exciting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In neuroscience, researchers have been working with <a href=\"https:\/\/richardvanhooijdonk.com\/en\/keynote\/the-future-of-healthcare\/\">brain-computer interfaces<\/a> (BCIs) for decades. After the discovery of the brain\u2019s electrical activity in 1924 by Hans Berger, enabling electroencephalography (EEG), scientists have been trying to understand the language of the mind &#8211; \u2018reading\u2019 thoughts directly. While some BCIs are invasive, relying on sensors implanted in the brain, far more promising approaches use non-invasive techniques. These BCIs typically either use tiny sensors worn on the head to measure brain activity, or a special form of magnetic resonance imaging, an fMRI, that illustrates active, real-time blood flow in the brain.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"A team from MIT can read the words you think and turn them into speech\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Vs0iAIjIpIM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>With constant advances in this tech, scientists have reached the point where mind-reading isn\u2019t just a parlour trick. These systems can now detect brain activity and translate those signals into communication and control. And that promises hope for people who\u2019ve lost the ability to move or speak, helping them regain independence and live fuller lives. In fact, recent innovations may allow people to talk directly with their minds, opening new possibilities for treatment and communication, especially in environments that are far too loud for normal speech.<\/p>\n\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"70853\" class=\"elementor elementor-70853 elementor-70829\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43b2efb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43b2efb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" 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class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-81ee5fa\" data-id=\"81ee5fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efaa9f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"efaa9f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Free trendservice<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-478f7f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"478f7f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReceive the latest insights, research material, e-books, white papers and articles from our research team every month, for free!\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-295c76f\" data-id=\"295c76f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a675f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"3a675f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- SharpSpring Form for Newsletter  -->\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n    var ss_form = {'account': 'MzawMLEwtzQwAgA', 'formID': 'SzVPSzMyMrfUNTM0TNM1sTRK0k0yM0nSTUk0TUwxSU41TEw1BAA'};\n    ss_form.width = '100%';\n    ss_form.domain = 'app-3QNPVMFZ4W.marketingautomation.services';\n    \/\/ ss_form.hidden = {'field_id': 'value'}; \/\/ Modify this for sending hidden variables, or overriding values\n    \/\/ ss_form.target_id = 'target'; \/\/ Optional parameter: forms will be placed inside the element with the specified id\n    \/\/ ss_form.polling = true; \/\/ Optional parameter: set to true ONLY if your page loads dynamically and the id needs to be polled continually.\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/koi-3QNPVMFZ4W.marketingautomation.services\/client\/form.js?ver=2.0.1\"><\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<h2>A team at MIT is using subvocalisation to allow subjects to speak with their thoughts<\/h2>\n<p>If while reading, you pronounce each word aloud in your mind, you know exactly what subvocalisation is. It helps us better understand the words we\u2019re seeing, though it also slows reading speed substantially. In a sense, when you do this, your brain is speaking silently, and your body knows it. It\u2019s a cool trick: your brain thinks a word and sends a signal to the muscles of your face, even though they don\u2019t move. And now, a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has developed a system that can read these silent thoughts and transcribe them into speech.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31950\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31950\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31950 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/05\/Massachusetts-Institute-of-Technology-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a white wearable device and a computer screen with icons\" width=\"800\" height=\"404\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31950\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has developed a system that can read these silent thoughts and transcribe them into speech.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Idle curiosity and some serious concerns got them thinking about whether this was possible<\/h2>\n<p>As Arnav Kapur, the lead author of the project from MIT\u2019s Media Lab, explains, there were a number of applications that got them thinking about the tech. On one hand, there were the merely curious (and perhaps not so good) ideas: could they design a system that would allow people to access their mobiles unobtrusively during a conversation? As Kapur <a href=\"http:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2018\/computer-system-transcribes-words-users-speak-silently-0404\">explains<\/a>, \u201cat the moment, the use of those devices is very disruptive. If I want to look something up that\u2019s relevant to a conversation I\u2019m having, I have to find my phone and type in the passcode and open an app and type in some search keyword, and the whole thing requires that I completely shift attention from my environment and the people that I\u2019m with to the phone itself.\u201d We have enough trouble getting and keeping one another\u2019s attention now &#8211; that sounds like the last thing we need!<\/p>\n<p>But on the other hand, there were serious, life-changing possibilities. Consider people like the late <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/en\/stephen-hawking-a-brilliant-cosmologist-who-encouraged-everyone-to-explore-and-understand\/\">Stephen Hawking<\/a>, who by the end of his life, was unable to speak with his mouth or move his body. Hawking used a computer to speak for him, but it was a slow and laborious process not really useful for ordinary conversation. And just imagine how difficult it would be for him to do things you take for granted, like check email or select a movie on Netflix. Kapur and his team wondered if they could find a way to help people like him who suffered from traumatic injuries or debilitating diseases. And then there were the really specialised scenarios where silent communication is critical: really noisy environments with a lot going on, a situation that demands clear communication, but makes it all but impossible. Think here of busy factory floors or ground crew at airports.<\/p>\n<p>Kapur\u2019s team wanted to give control to those who had lost it, and make communication possible for those who need it. That\u2019s pretty amazing stuff, if you think about it. And the good news is that they\u2019ve made it work.<\/p>\n<h2>Kapur\u2019s team delivers a non-invasive wearable that can read your mind (through your jaw)<\/h2>\n<p>Kapur\u2019s team developed a wearable headset, called AlterEgo, that measures the minute electrical impulses the brain sends your jaw muscles when you think a word. Packed into a small wearable that fits along your jaw and lip, this isn\u2019t the scary helmet you\u2019re probably imagining. His team trained these sensors to recognise a small vocabulary, and then demonstrated that this wearable was useful for a pretty formidable array of tasks. Larry Hardesty, writing for <em>MIT News<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2018\/computer-system-transcribes-words-users-speak-silently-0404\">reports<\/a> that \u201cthe researchers began collecting data on a few computational tasks with limited vocabularies \u2014 about 20 words each. One was arithmetic, in which the user would subvocalize large addition or multiplication problems; another was the chess application, in which the user would report moves using the standard chess numbering system.\u201d After adjusting the system for a few minutes to each test subject, they found that it was startlingly accurate &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2018\/computer-system-transcribes-words-users-speak-silently-0404\">showing<\/a> an \u201caverage transcription accuracy of about 92 percent\u201d!<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31952\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31952\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31952 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.richardvanhooijdonk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2019\/05\/alter-ego-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing the AlterEgo headset \" width=\"800\" height=\"448\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31952\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kapur\u2019s team developed a wearable headset, called AlterEgo, that measures the minute electrical impulses the brain sends your jaw muscles when you think a word.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Kapur\u2019s pretty humble about their accomplishment. \u201cWe\u2019re in the middle of collecting data, and the results look nice \u2026 I think we\u2019ll achieve full conversation some day,\u201d he says. Don\u2019t let this dampen your excitement, though; he\u2019s just being really, really cautious.<\/p>\n<h2>The possibilities for this tech are exciting<\/h2>\n<p>But Thad Starner, a full professor in the School of Interactive Computing at the Georgia Institute of Technology, doesn\u2019t want Kapur to fool you with his humility. As he says, \u201cI think that they\u2019re a little underselling what I think is a real potential for the work \u2026 Like, say, controlling the airplanes on the tarmac at Hartsfield Airport here in Atlanta.\u201d In noisy environments, silent speech among a headphone-wearing team could be a life-saver, literally. \u201cYou\u2019ve got jet noise all around you, you\u2019re wearing these big ear-protection things \u2014 wouldn\u2019t it be great to communicate with voice in an environment where you normally wouldn\u2019t be able to? You can imagine all these situations where you have a high-noise environment, like the flight deck of an aircraft carrier, or even places with a lot of machinery, like a power plant or a printing press,\u201d Starner <a href=\"http:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2018\/computer-system-transcribes-words-users-speak-silently-0404\">explains<\/a>. In these contexts, Kapur\u2019s innovation could be revolutionary for safety.<\/p>\n<p>And just take a look at how Kapur\u2019s system, transformed into a tool to control a television, could give someone with limited motor control more freedom:<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"AlterEgo: Interfacing with devices through silent speech\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RuUSc53Xpeg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s pretty incredible, right? Kapur surely knows this, and what his team has accomplished is nothing short of miraculous. For people who can\u2019t easily communicate due to injury or illness, or for those working in dangerous, noisy environments, this is life-changing tech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A team at MIT is using subvocalisation to allow subjects to speak with their thoughts Idle curiosity and some serious concerns got them thinking about whether this was possible Kapur\u2019s team delivers a non-invasive wearable that can read your mind (through your jaw) The possibilities for this tech are super exciting In neuroscience, researchers have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45499,"parent":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2870],"tags":[4382,4405],"article-type":[],"trends":[5482],"class_list":["post-57956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-future-technology","tag-mindreading","trends-neurotech-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A team from MIT can read the words you think and turn them into speech - Richard van Hooijdonk Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A team from MIT can read the words you think and turn them into speech, changing and saving lives. &amp;#x2705\" \/>\n<meta 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